Inception Project - 42 School

The aim is to set up a system using Docker and Docker Compose to run multiple containers. The main components are MariaDB as the database, Nginx as the web server, and WordPress as the application. The project requires configuring services, managing storage, and establishing networking between containers. It teaches automation, scalability, security, and system administration concepts. It provides experience in working with modern infrastructure tools.

Project Structure - Inception

📂 project-root/ #inception
│── 📄 Makefile # Calls Docker Compose commands
│── 📂 sources/
│ │── 📄 docker-compose.yml # Defines services and refers to Dockerfiles
│ │── 📂 services - requirements/
│ │ │── 📂 service nginx/
│ │ │ │── 📄 Dockerfile # Defines container setup for service1
│ │ │── 📂 service mariadb/
│ │ │ │── 📄 Dockerfile # Defines container setup for service2
│ │ │── 📂 service wordpress/
│ │ │ │── 📄 Dockerfile # Defines additional services

Overview

The aim is to set up a system using Docker and Docker Compose to run multiple containers.

Components

• MariaDB - Database server
• Nginx - Web server
• WordPress - Application

Configuration

• Services must be configured
• Storage must be managed
• Networking between containers must be established

Learning Outcomes

• Automation
• Scalability
• Security
• System administration

Experience Gained

• Working with modern infrastructure tools

Basic Settings in 50-server.cnf - Mariadb

General Configuration

• user = mysql → Defines the system user under which MySQL/MariaDB runs.
• pid-file = /run/mysqld/mysqld.pid → Specifies the location of the process ID file.
• socket = /run/mysqld/mysqld.sock → Sets the Unix socket file for local connections.
• port = 3306 → Defines the port MySQL/MariaDB listens on (default is 3306).

Paths & Directories

• basedir = /usr → Specifies the base directory where MySQL/MariaDB is installed.
• datadir = /var/lib/mysql → Defines the directory where database files are stored.
• tmpdir = /tmp → Sets the temporary directory for MySQL/MariaDB operations.
• lc-messages-dir = /usr/share/mysql → Defines the directory for language-specific messages.

Network & Security

• bind-address = 127.0.0.1 → Restricts MySQL/MariaDB to listen only on localhost for security.

These settings ensure efficient and secure database operation. Want me to include additional performance-related configurations?

Docker CLI Cheat Sheet

General Commands

• docker --version → Show installed Docker version.
• docker info → Display system-wide information.
• docker help → List all available Docker commands.
• docker help <command> → Show help for a specific command.

Container Management

• docker run <image> → Run a container from an image.
• docker run -d <image> → Run a container in detached mode.
• docker run --name <name> <image> → Assign a custom name to the container.
• docker run -p <host_port>:<container_port> <image> → Port mapping between host and container.
• docker run -v <host_volume>:<container_volume> <image> → Volume mounting.
• docker run --env <key>=<value> <image> → Set environment variables.
• docker ps → List running containers.
• docker ps -a → List all containers (running and stopped).
• docker ps -q → Show only container IDs.
• docker stop <container_id> → Stop a running container.
• docker start <container_id> → Start a stopped container.
• docker restart <container_id> → Restart a container.
• docker rm <container_id> → Remove a stopped container.
• docker rm -f <container_id> → Force remove a container.
• docker logs <container_id> → Show container logs.
• docker logs -f <container_id> → Follow logs in real-time.
• docker exec -it <container_id> bash → Open an interactive shell inside a container.
• docker exec -it <container_id> <command> → Execute a command inside a running container.
• docker inspect <container_id> → Get detailed container information.

Image Management

• docker images → List available Docker images.
• docker images -a → Show all images, including intermediate ones.
• docker pull <image> → Download an image from Docker Hub.
• docker pull <image>:<tag> → Pull a specific tagged version.
• docker build -t <image_name> <dockerfile_path> → Build an image from a Dockerfile.
• docker tag <image_id> <repo_name>:<tag> → Tag an image.
• docker push <image_name> → Upload an image to Docker Hub.
• docker rmi <image_id> → Remove an image.
• docker rmi -f <image_id> → Force remove an image.

Network Management

• docker network ls → List available networks.
• docker network create <network_name> → Create a new custom network.
• docker network inspect <network_name> → View details of a network.
• docker network connect <network_name> <container_id> → Connect a container to a network.
• docker network disconnect <network_name> <container_id> → Disconnect a container from a network.
• docker network prune → Remove unused networks.

Volume Management

• docker volume ls → List available volumes.
• docker volume create <volume_name> → Create a new volume.
• docker volume inspect <volume_name> → Show volume details.
• docker volume rm <volume_name> → Remove a volume.
• docker volume prune → Remove unused volumes.

Docker System Commands

• docker system info → Show detailed Docker system information.
• docker system df → Show disk usage statistics.
• docker system prune → Remove unused data (containers, images, networks).
• docker system events → Display real-time system events.

Docker Compose

• docker-compose up -d → Start services in detached mode.
• docker-compose down → Stop and remove services, networks, and volumes.
• docker-compose ps → List running services.
• docker-compose logs → Show logs for all running services.
• docker-compose build → Build images for services.

System Cleanup

• docker system prune → Remove all stopped containers, unused networks, and dangling images.
• docker system df → Show disk usage by Docker.
• docker container prune → Remove stopped containers.
• docker image prune → Remove unused and dangling images.