|
302 | 302 | "In the literature, the explainable variance is also known as the *signal\n", |
303 | 303 | "power*. \n", |
304 | 304 | "\n", |
305 | | - "For more information, see {cite:t}`Sahani2002`, {cite:t}`Hsu2004`, and {cite:t}`Schoppe2016`." |
| 305 | + "For more information, see {cite}`Sahani2002,Hsu2004,Schoppe2016`." |
306 | 306 | ] |
307 | 307 | }, |
308 | 308 | { |
|
1427 | 1427 | "metadata": {}, |
1428 | 1428 | "source": [ |
1429 | 1429 | "Before fitting an encoding model, the fMRI responses are typically z-scored over time. This normalization step is performed for two reasons.\n", |
1430 | | - "First, the regularized regression methods used to estimate encoding models generally assume the data to be normalized {cite:t}`Hastie2009`. \n", |
| 1430 | + "First, the regularized regression methods used to estimate encoding models generally assume the data to be normalized {cite}`Hastie2009`. \n", |
1431 | 1431 | "Second, the temporal mean and standard deviation of a voxel are typically considered uninformative in fMRI because they can vary due to factors unrelated to the task, such as differences in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).\n", |
1432 | 1432 | "\n", |
1433 | 1433 | "To preserve each run independent from the others, we z-score each run separately." |
|
1572 | 1572 | "Now, let's define the model pipeline.\n", |
1573 | 1573 | "\n", |
1574 | 1574 | "With regularized linear regression models, it is generally recommended to normalize \n", |
1575 | | - "(z-score) both the responses and the features before fitting the model {cite:t}`Hastie2009`. \n", |
| 1575 | + "(z-score) both the responses and the features before fitting the model {cite}`Hastie2009`. \n", |
1576 | 1576 | "Z-scoring corresponds to removing the temporal mean and dividing by the temporal standard deviation.\n", |
1577 | 1577 | "We already z-scored the fMRI responses after loading them, so now we need to specify\n", |
1578 | 1578 | "in the model how to deal with the features. \n", |
|
0 commit comments