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Add storage tutorials (batch 7)
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‎tuts/107-amazon-efs-gs/README.md‎

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# EFS: Create a file system
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## Source
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https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/getting-started.html
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## Use case
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- **ID**: efs/getting-started
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- **Level**: intermediate
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- **Core actions**: `elasticfilesystem:CreateFileSystem`, `elasticfilesystem:CreateMountTarget`, `elasticfilesystem:PutLifecycleConfiguration`
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## Steps
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1. Create an encrypted file system
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2. Wait for the file system to be available
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3. Describe the file system
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4. Create a mount target in the default VPC
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5. Wait for the mount target
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6. Describe mount targets
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7. Set a lifecycle policy
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## Resources created
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| Resource | Type |
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|----------|------|
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| `tutorial-efs-<random>` | EFS file system |
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| Mount target in default VPC subnet | Mount target |
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## Cost
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Per-GB pricing. $0.30/GB-month (Standard), $0.025/GB-month (Infrequent Access). An empty file system has no storage cost. Clean up promptly to avoid charges.
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## Duration
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~114 seconds (mount target creation accounts for most of the wait)
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## Related docs
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- [Getting started with Amazon EFS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/getting-started.html)
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- [Creating file systems](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/creating-using-create-fs.html)
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- [Creating mount targets](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/accessing-fs.html)
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- [EFS lifecycle management](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/lifecycle-management-efs.html)
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---
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## Appendix: Generation details
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| Field | Value |
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|-------|-------|
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| Generation date | 2026-04-14 |
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| Source script | New, 117 lines |
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| Script test result | EXIT 0, 114s, 7 steps, no issues |
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| Issues encountered | Mount target deletion wait increased to 120s |
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| Iterations | v1 (direct to publish) |

‎tuts/107-amazon-efs-gs/amazon-efs-gs.md‎

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# Create a file system with Amazon EFS
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This tutorial shows you how to create an encrypted Amazon EFS file system, create a mount target in your default VPC, configure a lifecycle policy, and clean up all resources.
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## Prerequisites
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- AWS CLI configured with credentials and a default region
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- A default VPC with at least one subnet in the configured region
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- Permissions for `elasticfilesystem:CreateFileSystem`, `elasticfilesystem:DescribeFileSystems`, `elasticfilesystem:CreateMountTarget`, `elasticfilesystem:DescribeMountTargets`, `elasticfilesystem:PutLifecycleConfiguration`, `elasticfilesystem:DescribeLifecycleConfiguration`, `elasticfilesystem:DeleteMountTarget`, `elasticfilesystem:DeleteFileSystem`, `ec2:DescribeVpcs`, `ec2:DescribeSubnets`
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## Step 1: Create an encrypted file system
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```bash
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RANDOM_ID=$(openssl rand -hex 4)
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FS_TOKEN="tut-efs-${RANDOM_ID}"
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FS_ID=$(aws efs create-file-system --creation-token "$FS_TOKEN" \
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--performance-mode generalPurpose \
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--throughput-mode bursting \
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--encrypted \
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--tags Key=Name,Value="tutorial-efs-${RANDOM_ID}" \
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--query 'FileSystemId' --output text)
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echo "File system ID: $FS_ID"
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```
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The creation token is an idempotency key — calling `create-file-system` again with the same token returns the existing file system instead of creating a duplicate.
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## Step 2: Wait for the file system to be available
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```bash
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for i in $(seq 1 15); do
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STATE=$(aws efs describe-file-systems --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'FileSystems[0].LifeCycleState' --output text)
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echo "State: $STATE"
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[ "$STATE" = "available" ] && break
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sleep 5
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done
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```
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## Step 3: Describe the file system
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```bash
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aws efs describe-file-systems --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'FileSystems[0].{Id:FileSystemId,State:LifeCycleState,Encrypted:Encrypted,Performance:PerformanceMode,Size:SizeInBytes.Value}' \
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--output table
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```
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## Step 4: Create a mount target
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A mount target provides a network endpoint for mounting the file system. Create one in a subnet of your default VPC.
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```bash
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VPC_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-vpcs --filters "Name=isDefault,Values=true" \
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--query 'Vpcs[0].VpcId' --output text)
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SUBNET_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-subnets --filters "Name=vpc-id,Values=$VPC_ID" \
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--query 'Subnets[0].SubnetId' --output text)
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MT_ID=$(aws efs create-mount-target --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--subnet-id "$SUBNET_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargetId' --output text)
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echo "Mount target: $MT_ID"
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```
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You need one mount target per Availability Zone. This tutorial creates one for demonstration.
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## Step 5: Wait for the mount target
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Mount target creation typically takes 60–90 seconds.
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```bash
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for i in $(seq 1 15); do
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MT_STATE=$(aws efs describe-mount-targets --mount-target-id "$MT_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargets[0].LifeCycleState' --output text)
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echo "State: $MT_STATE"
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[ "$MT_STATE" = "available" ] && break
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sleep 10
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done
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```
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## Step 6: Describe mount targets
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```bash
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aws efs describe-mount-targets --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargets[].{Id:MountTargetId,Subnet:SubnetId,State:LifeCycleState,IP:IpAddress}' \
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--output table
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```
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## Step 7: Set a lifecycle policy
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Move files not accessed for 30 days to the Infrequent Access (IA) storage class to reduce costs.
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```bash
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aws efs put-lifecycle-configuration --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--lifecycle-policies '[{"TransitionToIA":"AFTER_30_DAYS"}]'
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aws efs describe-lifecycle-configuration --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'LifecyclePolicies' --output table
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```
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## Cleanup
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Delete mount targets first, then the file system. You must wait for mount targets to finish deleting before the file system can be removed.
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```bash
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aws efs delete-mount-target --mount-target-id "$MT_ID"
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# Wait for mount target deletion
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for i in $(seq 1 12); do
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MT_COUNT=$(aws efs describe-mount-targets --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargets | length(@)' --output text 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
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[ "$MT_COUNT" = "0" ] && break
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sleep 10
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done
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aws efs delete-file-system --file-system-id "$FS_ID"
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```
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EFS charges per GB stored ($0.30/GB-month for Standard, $0.025/GB-month for IA). An empty file system has no storage cost. The script automates all steps including cleanup:
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```bash
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bash amazon-efs-gs.sh
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```
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## Related resources
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- [Getting started with Amazon EFS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/getting-started.html)
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- [Creating file systems](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/creating-using-create-fs.html)
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- [Creating mount targets](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/accessing-fs.html)
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- [EFS lifecycle management](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/lifecycle-management-efs.html)

‎tuts/107-amazon-efs-gs/amazon-efs-gs.sh‎

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#!/bin/bash
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# Tutorial: Create an Amazon EFS file system
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# Source: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/efs/latest/ug/getting-started.html
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WORK_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
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LOG_FILE="$WORK_DIR/efs-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S).log"
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exec > >(tee -a "$LOG_FILE") 2>&1
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REGION=${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:-${AWS_REGION:-$(aws configure get region 2>/dev/null)}}
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if [ -z "$REGION" ]; then
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echo "ERROR: No AWS region configured. Set one with: export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION=us-east-1"
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exit 1
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fi
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export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION="$REGION"
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echo "Region: $REGION"
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RANDOM_ID=$(openssl rand -hex 4)
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FS_TOKEN="tut-efs-${RANDOM_ID}"
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handle_error() { echo "ERROR on line $1"; trap - ERR; cleanup; exit 1; }
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trap 'handle_error $LINENO' ERR
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cleanup() {
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echo ""
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echo "Cleaning up resources..."
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if [ -n "$FS_ID" ]; then
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# Delete mount targets first
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for MT_ID in $(aws efs describe-mount-targets --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargets[].MountTargetId' --output text 2>/dev/null); do
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aws efs delete-mount-target --mount-target-id "$MT_ID" 2>/dev/null
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echo " Deleted mount target $MT_ID"
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done
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# Wait for mount targets to be deleted
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for i in $(seq 1 12); do
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MT_COUNT=$(aws efs describe-mount-targets --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargets | length(@)' --output text 2>/dev/null || echo "0")
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[ "$MT_COUNT" = "0" ] && break
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sleep 10
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done
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aws efs delete-file-system --file-system-id "$FS_ID" 2>/dev/null && \
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echo " Deleted file system $FS_ID"
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fi
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rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"
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echo "Cleanup complete."
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}
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# Step 1: Create a file system
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echo "Step 1: Creating EFS file system"
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FS_ID=$(aws efs create-file-system --creation-token "$FS_TOKEN" \
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--performance-mode generalPurpose \
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--throughput-mode bursting \
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--encrypted \
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--tags Key=Name,Value="tutorial-efs-${RANDOM_ID}" \
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--query 'FileSystemId' --output text)
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echo " File system ID: $FS_ID"
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# Step 2: Wait for file system to be available
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echo "Step 2: Waiting for file system to be available..."
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for i in $(seq 1 15); do
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STATE=$(aws efs describe-file-systems --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'FileSystems[0].LifeCycleState' --output text)
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echo " State: $STATE"
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[ "$STATE" = "available" ] && break
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sleep 5
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done
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# Step 3: Describe the file system
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echo "Step 3: File system details"
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aws efs describe-file-systems --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'FileSystems[0].{Id:FileSystemId,State:LifeCycleState,Encrypted:Encrypted,Performance:PerformanceMode,Size:SizeInBytes.Value}' --output table
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# Step 4: Create a mount target
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echo "Step 4: Creating mount target"
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VPC_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-vpcs --filters "Name=isDefault,Values=true" --query 'Vpcs[0].VpcId' --output text)
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SUBNET_ID=$(aws ec2 describe-subnets --filters "Name=vpc-id,Values=$VPC_ID" --query 'Subnets[0].SubnetId' --output text)
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echo " VPC: $VPC_ID, Subnet: $SUBNET_ID"
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MT_ID=$(aws efs create-mount-target --file-system-id "$FS_ID" --subnet-id "$SUBNET_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargetId' --output text)
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echo " Mount target: $MT_ID"
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# Step 5: Wait for mount target
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echo "Step 5: Waiting for mount target to be available..."
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for i in $(seq 1 15); do
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MT_STATE=$(aws efs describe-mount-targets --mount-target-id "$MT_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargets[0].LifeCycleState' --output text)
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echo " State: $MT_STATE"
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[ "$MT_STATE" = "available" ] && break
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sleep 10
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done
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# Step 6: Describe mount targets
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echo "Step 6: Mount target details"
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aws efs describe-mount-targets --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'MountTargets[].{Id:MountTargetId,Subnet:SubnetId,State:LifeCycleState,IP:IpAddress}' --output table
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# Step 7: Set lifecycle policy
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echo "Step 7: Setting lifecycle policy (move to IA after 30 days)"
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aws efs put-lifecycle-configuration --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--lifecycle-policies "[{\"TransitionToIA\":\"AFTER_30_DAYS\"}]" > /dev/null
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aws efs describe-lifecycle-configuration --file-system-id "$FS_ID" \
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--query 'LifecyclePolicies' --output table
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echo ""
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echo "Tutorial complete."
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echo "To mount: sudo mount -t nfs4 $FS_ID.efs.$REGION.amazonaws.com:/ /mnt/efs"
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echo ""
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echo "Do you want to clean up all resources? (y/n): "
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read -r CHOICE
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if [[ "$CHOICE" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]; then
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cleanup
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else
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echo "Resources left running. EFS charges per GB stored."
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echo "Manual cleanup:"
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echo " aws efs delete-mount-target --mount-target-id $MT_ID"
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echo " sleep 60"
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echo " aws efs delete-file-system --file-system-id $FS_ID"
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fi

‎tuts/127-amazon-glacier-gs/amazon-glacier-gs.sh‎

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#!/bin/bash
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WORK_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
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exec > >(tee -a "$WORK_DIR/glacier-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S).log") 2>&1
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REGION=${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:-$(aws configure get region 2>/dev/null)}
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[ -z "$REGION" ] && echo "ERROR: No region" && exit 1
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export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION="$REGION"
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echo "Region: $REGION"
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RANDOM_ID=$(openssl rand -hex 4)
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VAULT_NAME="tut-vault-${RANDOM_ID}"
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handle_error() { echo "ERROR on line $1"; trap - ERR; cleanup; exit 1; }
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trap 'handle_error $LINENO' ERR
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cleanup() { echo ""; echo "Cleaning up..."; aws glacier delete-vault --vault-name "$VAULT_NAME" 2>/dev/null && echo " Deleted vault $VAULT_NAME"; rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"; echo "Done."; }
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echo "Step 1: Creating vault: $VAULT_NAME"
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aws glacier create-vault --vault-name "$VAULT_NAME" --account-id -
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echo " Vault created"
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echo "Step 2: Describing vault"
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aws glacier describe-vault --vault-name "$VAULT_NAME" --account-id - --query '{Name:VaultName,ARN:VaultARN,Created:CreationDate}' --output table
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echo "Step 3: Uploading an archive"
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echo "Hello from Glacier tutorial" > "$WORK_DIR/archive.txt"
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ARCHIVE_ID=$(aws glacier upload-archive --vault-name "$VAULT_NAME" --account-id - --body "$WORK_DIR/archive.txt" --query 'archiveId' --output text)
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echo " Archive ID: ${ARCHIVE_ID:0:40}..."
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echo "Step 4: Listing vaults"
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aws glacier list-vaults --account-id - --query 'VaultList[?starts_with(VaultName, `tut-`)].{Name:VaultName,Archives:NumberOfArchives,Size:SizeInBytes}' --output table
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echo "Step 5: Initiating inventory retrieval"
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JOB_ID=$(aws glacier initiate-job --vault-name "$VAULT_NAME" --account-id - --job-parameters '{"Type":"inventory-retrieval"}' --query 'jobId' --output text)
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echo " Job ID: ${JOB_ID:0:40}..."
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echo " (Inventory retrieval takes 3-5 hours — not waiting)"
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echo ""
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echo "Tutorial complete."
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echo "Note: The vault contains an archive and cannot be deleted until the archive is removed."
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echo "Archive deletion takes 24 hours to process. The vault will need manual cleanup later."
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echo "Do you want to attempt cleanup? (y/n): "
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read -r CHOICE
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[[ "$CHOICE" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]] && { echo "Deleting archive (takes 24h to process)..."; aws glacier delete-archive --vault-name "$VAULT_NAME" --account-id - --archive-id "$ARCHIVE_ID" 2>/dev/null; echo " Archive deletion initiated. Delete vault after 24h:"; echo " aws glacier delete-vault --vault-name $VAULT_NAME --account-id -"; rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"; } || echo "Manual: aws glacier delete-archive then delete-vault"

‎tuts/156-s3-event-notifications/s3-events.sh‎

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#!/bin/bash
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WORK_DIR=$(mktemp -d); exec > >(tee -a "$WORK_DIR/s3-events.log") 2>&1
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REGION=${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:-$(aws configure get region 2>/dev/null)}; [ -z "$REGION" ] && echo "ERROR: No region" && exit 1; export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION="$REGION"; ACCOUNT=$(aws sts get-caller-identity --query 'Account' --output text); echo "Region: $REGION"
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RANDOM_ID=$(openssl rand -hex 4); BUCKET="s3-events-tut-${RANDOM_ID}-${ACCOUNT}"; QUEUE="s3-events-tut-${RANDOM_ID}"
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handle_error() { echo "ERROR on line $1"; trap - ERR; cleanup; exit 1; }; trap 'handle_error $LINENO' ERR
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cleanup() { echo ""; echo "Cleaning up..."; aws s3 rm "s3://$BUCKET" --recursive --quiet 2>/dev/null; aws s3 rb "s3://$BUCKET" 2>/dev/null && echo " Deleted bucket"; [ -n "$QUEUE_URL" ] && aws sqs delete-queue --queue-url "$QUEUE_URL" 2>/dev/null && echo " Deleted queue"; rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"; echo "Done."; }
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echo "Step 1: Creating SQS queue for notifications"
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QUEUE_URL=$(aws sqs create-queue --queue-name "$QUEUE" --query 'QueueUrl' --output text)
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QUEUE_ARN=$(aws sqs get-queue-attributes --queue-url "$QUEUE_URL" --attribute-names QueueArn --query 'Attributes.QueueArn' --output text)
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aws sqs set-queue-attributes --queue-url "$QUEUE_URL" --attributes "{\"Policy\":\"{\\\"Version\\\":\\\"2012-10-17\\\",\\\"Statement\\\":[{\\\"Effect\\\":\\\"Allow\\\",\\\"Principal\\\":{\\\"Service\\\":\\\"s3.amazonaws.com\\\"},\\\"Action\\\":\\\"sqs:SendMessage\\\",\\\"Resource\\\":\\\"$QUEUE_ARN\\\"}]}\"}"
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echo " Queue: $QUEUE_URL"
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echo "Step 2: Creating bucket with event notification"
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if [ "$REGION" = "us-east-1" ]; then aws s3api create-bucket --bucket "$BUCKET" > /dev/null; else aws s3api create-bucket --bucket "$BUCKET" --create-bucket-configuration LocationConstraint="$REGION" > /dev/null; fi
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aws s3api put-bucket-notification-configuration --bucket "$BUCKET" --notification-configuration "{\"QueueConfigurations\":[{\"QueueArn\":\"$QUEUE_ARN\",\"Events\":[\"s3:ObjectCreated:*\"]}]}"
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echo " Notifications configured"
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echo "Step 3: Uploading a file to trigger notification"
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echo "test data" > "$WORK_DIR/test.txt"
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aws s3 cp "$WORK_DIR/test.txt" "s3://$BUCKET/test.txt" --quiet
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sleep 5
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echo "Step 4: Reading notification from SQS"
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aws sqs receive-message --queue-url "$QUEUE_URL" --max-number-of-messages 1 --wait-time-seconds 10 --query 'Messages[0].Body' --output text 2>/dev/null | python3 -c "import sys,json;d=json.loads(sys.stdin.read());r=d.get('Records',[{}])[0];print(f\" Event: {r.get('eventName','?')}\\n Bucket: {r.get('s3',{}).get('bucket',{}).get('name','?')}\\n Key: {r.get('s3',{}).get('object',{}).get('key','?')}\")" 2>/dev/null || echo " No notification yet"
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echo ""; echo "Tutorial complete."
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echo "Do you want to clean up? (y/n): "; read -r CHOICE; [[ "$CHOICE" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]] && cleanup

‎tuts/167-s3-presigned-urls/s3-presigned.sh‎

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#!/bin/bash
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WORK_DIR=$(mktemp -d); exec > >(tee -a "$WORK_DIR/presign.log") 2>&1
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REGION=${AWS_DEFAULT_REGION:-$(aws configure get region 2>/dev/null)}; [ -z "$REGION" ] && echo "ERROR: No region" && exit 1; export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION="$REGION"; ACCOUNT=$(aws sts get-caller-identity --query 'Account' --output text); echo "Region: $REGION"
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RANDOM_ID=$(openssl rand -hex 4); BUCKET="presign-tut-${RANDOM_ID}-${ACCOUNT}"
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handle_error() { echo "ERROR on line $1"; trap - ERR; cleanup; exit 1; }; trap 'handle_error $LINENO' ERR
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cleanup() { echo ""; echo "Cleaning up..."; aws s3 rm "s3://$BUCKET" --recursive --quiet 2>/dev/null; aws s3 rb "s3://$BUCKET" 2>/dev/null && echo " Deleted bucket"; rm -rf "$WORK_DIR"; echo "Done."; }
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echo "Step 1: Creating bucket"
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if [ "$REGION" = "us-east-1" ]; then aws s3api create-bucket --bucket "$BUCKET" > /dev/null; else aws s3api create-bucket --bucket "$BUCKET" --create-bucket-configuration LocationConstraint="$REGION" > /dev/null; fi
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echo "Step 2: Uploading a file"
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echo "Hello from presigned URL tutorial" > "$WORK_DIR/data.txt"
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aws s3 cp "$WORK_DIR/data.txt" "s3://$BUCKET/data.txt" --quiet
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echo "Step 3: Generating presigned download URL (expires in 5 min)"
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DOWNLOAD_URL=$(aws s3 presign "s3://$BUCKET/data.txt" --expires-in 300)
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echo " URL: ${DOWNLOAD_URL:0:80}..."
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echo "Step 4: Testing presigned download"
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curl -s "$DOWNLOAD_URL"
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echo ""
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echo "Step 5: Generating presigned upload URL"
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UPLOAD_URL=$(aws s3 presign "s3://$BUCKET/uploaded.txt" --expires-in 300)
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echo " Upload URL generated (expires in 5 min)"
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echo "Step 6: Listing objects"
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aws s3api list-objects-v2 --bucket "$BUCKET" --query 'Contents[].{Key:Key,Size:Size}' --output table
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echo ""; echo "Tutorial complete."
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echo "Do you want to clean up? (y/n): "; read -r CHOICE; [[ "$CHOICE" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]] && cleanup

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