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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: docs/connect/ado-net/sql/azure-active-directory-authentication.md
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@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ description: Describes how to use supported Microsoft Entra authentication modes
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author: David-Engel
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ms.author: davidengel
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ms.reviewer: davidengel
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ms.date: 06/09/2025
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ms.date: 01/16/2026
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ms.service: sql
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ms.subservice: connectivity
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ms.topic: integration
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When you set the `Authentication` connection property in the connection string, the client can choose a preferred Microsoft Entra authentication mode according to the value provided:
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- The earliest **Microsoft.Data.SqlClient** version supports `Active Directory Password` for .NET Framework, .NET Core, and .NET Standard. It also supports `Active Directory Integrated` authentication and `Active Directory Interactive` authentication for .NET Framework.
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- The earliest **Microsoft.Data.SqlClient** version supports `Active Directory Password`[DEPRECATED]for .NET Framework, .NET Core, and .NET Standard. It also supports `Active Directory Integrated` authentication and `Active Directory Interactive` authentication for .NET Framework.
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- Starting with **Microsoft.Data.SqlClient** 2.0.0, support for `Active Directory Integrated` authentication and `Active Directory Interactive` authentication is extended across .NET Framework, .NET Core, and .NET Standard.
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A new `Active Directory Service Principal` authentication mode is also added in SqlClient 2.0.0. It makes use of the client ID and secret of a service principal identity to accomplish authentication.
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| Value | Description | Microsoft.Data.SqlClient version |
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|:--|:--|:--:|
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| Active Directory Password | Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra identity's username and password | 1.0+ |
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| Active Directory Integrated | Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra identity by using Integrated Windows Authentication (IWA) | 2.0.0+<sup>1</sup> |
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| Active Directory Interactive | Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra identity by using interactive authentication | 2.0.0+<sup>1</sup> |
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| Active Directory Service Principal | Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra service principal, using its client ID and secret | 2.0.0+ |
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| Active Directory Device Code Flow | Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra identity by using Device Code Flow mode | 2.1.0+ |
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| Active Directory Managed Identity, <br>Active Directory MSI | Authenticate using a Microsoft Entra system-assigned or user-assigned managed identity | 2.1.0+ |
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| Active Directory Default | Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra identity by using password-less and non-interactive mechanisms including managed identities, Visual Studio Code, Visual Studio, Azure CLI, etc. | 3.0.0+ |
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| Active Directory Workload Identity | Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra identity by using a federated User Assigned Managed Identity to connect to SQL Database from Azure client environments that are enabled for Workload Identity. | 5.2.0+ |
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| Active Directory Password [DEPRECATED]| Authenticate with a Microsoft Entra identity's username and password.<br/><br/>Active Directory Password is deprecated. For more information, see [Using password authentication](#using-password-authentication). | 1.0+ |
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<sup>1</sup> Before **Microsoft.Data.SqlClient** 2.0.0, `Active Directory Integrated`, and `Active Directory Interactive` authentication modes are supported only on .NET Framework.
`Active Directory Password` authentication mode supports authentication to Azure data sources with Microsoft Entra ID for native or federated Microsoft Entra users. When you're using this mode, user credentials must be provided in the connection string. The following example shows how to use `Active Directory Password` authentication.
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```csharp
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With a customized `ActiveDirectoryAuthenticationProvider` class, a user-defined application client ID can be passed to SqlClient when a supported Microsoft Entra authentication mode is in use. Supported Microsoft Entra authentication modes include `Active Directory Password`, `Active Directory Integrated`, `Active Directory Interactive`, `Active Directory Service Principal`, and `Active Directory Device Code Flow`.
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With a customized `ActiveDirectoryAuthenticationProvider` class, a user-defined application client ID can be passed to SqlClient when a supported Microsoft Entra authentication mode is in use. Supported Microsoft Entra authentication modes include `Active Directory Integrated`, `Active Directory Interactive`, `Active Directory Service Principal`, `Active Directory Device Code Flow`, and `Active Directory Password`[DEPRECATED].
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The application client ID is also configurable via `SqlAuthenticationProviderConfigurationSection` or `SqlClientAuthenticationProviderConfigurationSection`. The configuration property `applicationClientId` applies to .NET Framework 4.6+ and .NET Core 2.1+.
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