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Improved version of the robust-beautiful post
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nbs/blog/posts/robust-beautiful/robust-beautiful.ipynb

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"the same when visualized with a barplot on the right panel. (You can\n",
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"download the [dataset](_static/four_samples.csv) to see for yourself.)\n",
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"\n",
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"We're not the first ones (see\n",
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"[this](https://www.nature.com/articles/nmeth.2837),\n",
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"[this](http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002128),\n",
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"We're not the first ones (see these articles:\n",
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"[article 1](https://www.nature.com/articles/nmeth.2837),\n",
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"[article 2](http://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002128),\n",
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"or\n",
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"[that](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ejn.13400))\n",
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"[article 3](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/ejn.13400))\n",
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"to point out the barplot's fatal flaws. Indeed, it is both sobering and\n",
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"fascinating to realise that the barplot is a [17th century\n",
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"invention](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bar_chart#History) initially\n",
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"The figure above visualizes the same four samples as a swarmplot (left\n",
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"panel) and as a boxplot. If we did not label the x-axis with the sample\n",
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"size, it would be impossible to definitively distinguish the sample with\n",
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"5 obesrvations from the sample with 50.\n",
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"5 observations from the sample with 50.\n",
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"\n",
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"Even if the world gets rid of barplots and boxplots, the problems\n",
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"plaguing statistical practices will remain unsolved. Null-hypothesis\n",
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"id": "a7e3b1ad",
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"metadata": {},
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"hown above is a Gardner-Altman estimation plot. (The plot draws its name from\n",
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"[Martin J. Gardner]\n",
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"(https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-martin-gardner-1470261.html)\n",
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"This is a *Gardner-Altman* estimation plot. The plot draws its name from\n",
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"[Martin J. Gardner](https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-professor-martin-gardner-1470261.html)\n",
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"and [Douglas Altman](https://www.bmj.com/content/361/bmj.k2588), who are\n",
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"credited with [creating the design]\n",
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"(https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/292/6522/746.full.pdf) in 1986).\n",
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"credited with [creating the design](https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/292/6522/746.full.pdf) in 1986.\n",
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"\n",
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"This plot has two key features:\n",
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"\n",
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" 1. It presents all datapoints as a *swarmplot*, which orders each point to\n",
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" display the underlying distribution.\n",
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" 1. It presents all data points as a swarmplot, ordering each point to display the underlying distribution.\n",
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"\n",
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" 2. It presents the effect size as a *bootstrap 95% confidence interval* (95% CI)\n",
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" on a separate but aligned axes. where the effect size is displayed to the right\n",
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" of the war data, and the mean of the test group is aligned with the effect size.\n",
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" on a separate but aligned axis. The effect size is displayed to the right of the raw data, and the mean of the test group is aligned with the effect size.\"\n",
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"\n",
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"<div style=\"padding: 15px; border: 1px solid transparent; border-color: transparent; margin-bottom: 20px; border-radius: 4px; color: #31708f; background-color: #d9edf7; border-color: #bce8f1;\"> Thus, estimation plots are robust, beautiful, and convey important statistical\n",
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"information elegantly and efficiently. </div>\n",
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"\n",
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"*Thus, estimation plots are robust, beautiful, and convey important statistical\n",
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"information elegantly and efficiently.*\n",
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"\n",
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"An estimation plot obtains and displays the 95% CI through nonparametric\n",
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"bootstrap resampling. This enables visualization of the confidence interval as\n",
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"metadata": {},
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"source": [
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"For comparisons between 3 or more groups that typically employ analysis\n",
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"For comparisons between three or more groups that typically employ analysis\n",
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"of variance (ANOVA) methods, one can use the [Cumming estimation\n",
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"plot](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estimation_statistics#Cumming_plot),\n",
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"named after [Geoff\n",
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"Cumming](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nDN-hcKR7j8), and draws its\n",
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"design heavily from his 2012 textbook [Understanding the New\n",
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"Statistics](https://www.routledge.com/Understanding-The-New-Statistics-Effect-Sizes-Confidence-Intervals-and/Cumming/p/book/9780415879682).\n",
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"named after [Geoff Cumming](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nDN-hcKR7j8), and draws its\n",
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"design heavily from his 2012 textbook [\"Understanding the New Statistics\"](https://www.routledge.com/Understanding-The-New-Statistics-Effect-Sizes-Confidence-Intervals-and/Cumming/p/book/9780415879682).\n",
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"This estimation plot design can be considered a variant of the\n",
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"Gardner-Altman plot.\n"
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]
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"id": "b443b0a8",
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"source": [
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"The effect size and 95% CIs are still plotted a separate axes, but\n",
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"unlike the Gardner-Altman plot, this axes is positioned beneath the raw\n",
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"The effect size and 95% CIs are still plotted on a separate axis, but\n",
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"unlike the Gardner-Altman plot, this axis is positioned beneath the raw\n",
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"data.\n",
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"\n",
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"Such a design frees up visual space in the upper panel, allowing the\n",

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